The water treatment industry in general is primarily concerned with treating influent water for human consumption either at the point-of-entry (POE) or at the point-of-use (POU). However, it is equally interesting to consider what happens to water after consumption. Indeed, innovative design and engineering is...
Mining is one of the principal resource-extractive industries in Canada that has a presence in every province and territory and plays an important role in developing rural economies. Metals such as iron, nickel and copper are extracted from metal ores and processed in refineries and...
Canada is blessed with significant quantities of freshwater. Canadian water resources play a major role in the economy and are integral to the country's agriculture, manufacturing, navigation and tourism sectors. Another important use of water is power generation through hydroelectricity. Hydroelectricity refers to the generation...
Globally over the past century, the average annual temperature has increased about 1 °C; in the Arctic, it has climbed 2 to 3 °C. By 2100 the average global surface temperature is projected to increase by 1.5 to 5.8 °C Increasing global temperatures are expected to...
Overview The Great Lakes region is the living hub of North America, where it supplies drinking water to tens of millions of people living on both sides of the Canada-US border. The five main lakes are: Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Ontario and Lake...
Water is a precious resource that is not only important for drinking and irrigation, but also has significant value for commercial shipping. One of the important shipping routes in Canada is the St. Lawrence Seaway, which allows ships to travel from the Atlantic Ocean to...
Wetlands are natural areas that are permanently or seasonally submerged in water. Wetlands contain a wide variety of plant and animal species and are considered the most biologically diverse habitats in nature. Wetlands are usually located in areas where the water table is at or near...
Groundwater is an important source of freshwater for many communities. In Canada, groundwater represents 30.3% of domestic freshwater sources. Prince Edward Island, for example, relies completely on groundwater since there are no major lakes or rivers to provide adequate supplies. Groundwater is stored in geological formations...
